Healthcare

Biography

Dr. Reham Elsheikh has been Graduated from International University of Africa in Khartoum, Sudan,  as Medical Doctor in 2010, later on she has done Internal Medicine Residency in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia for 4 years. Then she has done UN internship for 5 months in WHO Sudan.  Recently she awarded a master degree of public health (MPH) “primary care” from King’s College London University. Now she is pursuing the GMC registration to practice in clinical and public health fields in United Kingdom.

 

Abstract

Hemorrhagic stroke (HS) comprises 20% of all strokes, nevertheless it is known to have lower survival probability than ischemic stroke. Studies on incidence rates of primary intracerebral hemorrhage (PICH) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are lacking. Therfore we aim to estimate incidence rates of PICH and SAH.
In a multiethnic-population of 357 308 residents in south London, all HS cases were ascertained and registered in the South London Stroke Register (SLSR) between 1995 and 2015. Incidence rates per 100,000 persons per year were calculated for PICH and SAH by age, sex, and ethnic groups. Age-adjustment to the 2013 European Standard Population was conducted and trends were analyzed by the Cochran-Armitage test. Changes in pre-stroke risk factors were investigated by the chisquared tests for trends.

During study-period, 979 first-ever hemorrhagic stroke cases were registered. Over the study period a 51.8% incidence reduction was recorded – from 38.53 (34.8-42.6) in 1995-2001 to 18.56 (16.1-21.4) in 2009-2015 (p<0.0001). Reductions were significant in both PICH (28.88–13.4, p<0.0001) and SAH (9.7–3.3, p<0.0001). Remarkable reduction was observed in males and younger adults aged <55y. The black population had similar reduction in stroke incidence except in SAH. The gap in sex and ethnic disparities is reducing. A decline in the prevalence of pre-stroke hypertension, smoking, and drinking was observed among HS cases.
A significant reduction of HS over a 21-year period was observed in our population. Sex and ethnic differences in hemorrhagic stroke incidence is declining. Designing comprehensive prevention strategies might warrant further reduction in stroke incidence.